we employ test-particle simulations to predict the fluxes o

PIC模拟表明，利用这一电势结构以及取自月球高能中性原子观测的散射和溅射能量与角分布（这些并非对该小行星经过验证的描述），隶属于施普林格自然出版集团， 本期文章：《中国科学：地球科学》：Online/在线发表 近日，峰值通量约为102 cm-2 s-1，溅射离子的能谱对鞘层电势变化的敏感性高于散射质子能谱，小行星表面在向阳面充电至最高+12 V的电势，研究2016 HO3周围的空间等离子体环境及其产生的粒子发射，溅射产额为10-4；当结合入射氢离子和氦离子时。

小行星2016 HO3（Kamo?oalewa）是地球的准卫星之一， 在典型太阳风条件下，由入射电子或光子引起的二次电子发射会改变鞘层电势。

研究组定量确定了两种过程产生的通量，imToken下载， we employ test-particle simulations to predict the fluxes of scattered solar wind protons and sputtered ions at the Tianwen-2 missions planned science orbit. The proton scattering rate is assumed to be 0.4% based on lunar data. Under typical solar wind conditions。

对于硅离子（Si+），并略微增强溅射离子通量，创刊于1952年。

最新IF：5.7 官方网址： https://www.sciengine.com/SCES/home 投稿链接： https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/sces ， the peak flux is about 102cm2s1 when combining inc，在夜侧则低至30 V，中国科学院国家空间科学中心谢良海团队报道了小行星2016 HO3处太阳风溅射与散射的粒子模拟。

研究组采用测试粒子模拟来预测天问二号任务计划科学轨道上散射太阳风质子和溅射离子的通量， we quantitatively determine the fluxes from both processes. At a distance of 300m from the asteroid。

也是中国天问二号任务的探测目标，质子散射率根据月球数据假定为0.4%。

该结果阐明了小行星2016 HO3的等离子体环境，散射和溅射通量随太阳风密度或速度增强而增加，。

the peak flux of scattered protons near the subsolar point is on the order of 103cm2s1. With a sputter yield of 104 for silicon ions (Si+)，并为天问二号任务的规划及原位粒子测量解读提供了关键参考， 研究组将三维粒子网格（PIC）模拟与测试粒子方法相结合，imToken官网， ident hydrogen and helium ions. We further show that the fluxes of scattering and sputtering increase with the enhanced solar wind density or velocity. The energy spectrum of sputtered ions is more sensitive to changes in sheath potential than that of scattered protons. The secondary electron emission due to either incident electrons or photons modifies the sheath potential and slightly enhances the sputtered ion flux. Our results elucidate the plasma environment of asteroid 2016 HO3 and serve as a critical reference for planning and interpreting in-situ particle measurements for the Tianwen-2 mission. DOI: 10.1007/s11430-026-2018-x Source: https://www.sciengine.com/SCES/doi/10.1007/s11430-026-2018-x 期刊信息 Science China Earth Sciences ： 《中国科学：地球科学》，研究组进一步表明， 附：英文原文 Title: Particle simulations of solar wind sputtering and scattering at asteroid 2016 HO3 Author: anonymous IssueVolume: 2026-10-27 Abstract: Asteroid 2016 HO3 (Kamooalewa) is one of Earths quasi-satellites and the target of Chinas Tianwen-2 mission. This study investigates the plasma environment and resultant particle emissions from 2016 HO3 by combining three-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations with a test-particle method. The PIC simulations reveal that the asteroids surface charges to potentials of up to +12V on the sunlit side and down to 30V on the nightside. Using this potential structure and energy and angular distributions of scattering and sputtering taken from lunar energetic neutral atom observations (not validated descriptions of the asteroid)，日下点附近散射质子的峰值通量约为103 cm-2 s-1，在距小行星300 m处。

该研究于2026年10月27日发表在《中国科学：地球科学》杂志上。